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Paul-Émile Botta (6 December 1802 – 29 March 1870) was a French scientist who served as Consul in Mosul (then in the Ottoman Empire, now in Iraq) from 1842, and who discovered the ruins of the ancient Assyrian capital of Dur-Sharrukin. ==Life== He was born Paolo Emiliano Botta in Turin, Italy, on December 6, 1802. His father was Italian historian Carlo Giuseppe Guglielmo Botta (1766–1837). In 1820 they moved to Paris where he studied under Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville. Botta was selected to be naturalist on a voyage around the world. Although he had no formal medical training, he also served as the ship surgeon. Le ''Heros'' under Captain Auguste Bernard Duhaut-Cilly (1790–1849) left Le Havre April 8, 1826 and sailed south through the Atlantic Ocean, stopping in Rio de Janeiro and around Cape Horn. They traveled up the coast stopping at Callao, Mexico, and Alta California. Jean Baptiste Rives (1793–1833), the former secretary of the Kingdom of Hawaii, had convinced investors from the family of Jacques Laffitte to finance the voyage to promote trade to California and Hawaii, but Rives disappeared along with some of the cargo.〔 Translation from French of Auguste Bernard Duhaut-Cilly, ''Voyage autour du monde, principalement à la California et aux Îles Sandwich, pendant les années 1826, 1827, 1828, et 1829''〕 After visiting the Hawaiian Islands they reached China on December 27, 1828. In late July, 1829, the ''Heros'' returned to Le Havre.〔 On January 5, 1830 Botta defended his doctor's thesis. In 1831 he sailed to Cairo where he met Benjamin Disraeli. Some historians think the French traveler Marigny in Disraeli's novel ''Contarini Fleming'' was based on Botta.〔 In 1836 Botta was sent to Yemen to collect plants on behalf of the Paris Natural History Museum. The French Government appointed Botta at Consul at Mosul in 1841-2. While there he discovered the ruins of the ancient Assyrian capital of Dur-Sharrukin, and on his return to France in 1845 brought with him many artifacts from it. This achievement earned him a spectacular reputation as an Orientalist. In 1846 Botta became French consul in Jerusalem, and though his career suffered in the wake of the French Revolution of 1848 he was from 1857 to 1868 he was consul in Tripoli. Due to his bad health he returned to France. He died on March 29, 1870 or April 17, 1870 (sources vary) in Achères, France. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Paul-Émile Botta」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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